@phdthesis{Gooch:2003:HFI,
  opturl = {},
  month = jul,
  author = {Bruce Gooch},
  optkey = {},
  optannote = {},
  opttype = {},
  title = {{H}uman {F}acial {I}llustrations: {C}reation and {E}valuation using
           {B}ehavioral {S}tudies and {F}unctional {M}agnetic {R}esonance
           {I}maging},
  abstract = {This dissertation presents: a method for creating black-and-white
              illustrations and caricatures of human faces from source
              photographs; and series of perceptual studies aimed at evaluating
              the effectiveness of the resulting images relative to photographs.
              The illustrations are generated by superimposing two images: a
              thresholded image of the output of a computational brightness
              model, and a thresholded luminance image. In addition, a new
              interactive technique is demonstrated for deforming images of
              faces to create caricatures that highlight and exaggerate
              representative facial features. The photographs and
              black-and-white illustrations are evaluated via psychophysical
              studies to assess speed and accuracy in learning and recognition
              tasks. These studies show that the facial illustrations and
              caricatures generated using these techniques are as effective as
              photographs in the recognition tasks. In the learning studies,
              tasks involving illustrations or caricatures were performed
              significantly faster than the same tasks were performed with
              photographs. The recognition invariance effect is used as an
              experimental probe in a functional magnetic resonance imaging
              (fMRI) experiment. The results of this experiment indicate that
              viewers may process illustrations differently from photographs.},
  school = {University of Utah},
  localfile = {papers/Gooch.2003.HFI.pdf},
  address = {USA},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/959765},
  year = {2003},
}